本篇實作接續上一篇將圖形顯示在TFT LCD屏幕上,差別在於上一篇是引用別人已經產生的16進位程式碼,本篇要來實作,如何從選取的圖檔,轉換成16進位程式碼,讓 Arduino的程式讀取後,顯示在LCD螢幕。
首先,找一個要轉檔的圖片,找的圖形要線條稍微簡單,程式中轉成單色的圖片會比較好看。我找了一隻魚的Clipart 圖片當作範例:
下載的檔案,圖片的解析度是6805x4431,先用小畫家,將圖片縮小,縮小的比例,依照顯示器的大小來決定。以我的顯示器為例,ST7735解析度160x128,先選擇「調整大小」→「像素」→ 輸入解析度(不要超過顯示器的數值)→ 「確定」,看到畫面縮小後存檔。
到 這裡 下載 LCD Image Converter 轉檔工具。下載後執行程式,並開啟小畫家儲存的檔案。
下拉選單「Options」→ 「Conversion」,開啟另一個視窗,在「Preset:」下拉選擇「Monochrome」,反白「Inverse」欄位打勾。
點選頁簽「Image」→ 在Block size:選擇「16 bit」。
按下「Show Preview」,出現以下視窗:
將右邊一堆16進位的數字「全選Ctrl+A」複製Ctrl+C起來。開啟 Arduino IDE 程式,貼在以下兩行程式中間。
到這裡已經將顯示器常用的繪圖、文字、圖形的功能做一些紀錄與實作,接下來要接上SD卡,SD卡上有圖檔,看看如何將圖檔顯示在屏幕上。
首先,找一個要轉檔的圖片,找的圖形要線條稍微簡單,程式中轉成單色的圖片會比較好看。我找了一隻魚的Clipart 圖片當作範例:
下載的檔案,圖片的解析度是6805x4431,先用小畫家,將圖片縮小,縮小的比例,依照顯示器的大小來決定。以我的顯示器為例,ST7735解析度160x128,先選擇「調整大小」→「像素」→ 輸入解析度(不要超過顯示器的數值)→ 「確定」,看到畫面縮小後存檔。
到 這裡 下載 LCD Image Converter 轉檔工具。下載後執行程式,並開啟小畫家儲存的檔案。
點選頁簽「Image」→ 在Block size:選擇「16 bit」。
按下「Show Preview」,出現以下視窗:
將右邊一堆16進位的數字「全選Ctrl+A」複製Ctrl+C起來。開啟 Arduino IDE 程式,貼在以下兩行程式中間。
static const unsigned char PROGMEM fish[] = { };再使用 drawBitmap()函式將上面的16進位資料載入,就會呈現單一的顏色圖形在顯示器上。
到這裡已經將顯示器常用的繪圖、文字、圖形的功能做一些紀錄與實作,接下來要接上SD卡,SD卡上有圖檔,看看如何將圖檔顯示在屏幕上。
[程式]
#include <Adafruit_GFX.h> #include <Adafruit_ST7735.h> #define TFT_CS 10 #define TFT_DC 9 #define TFT_RST 8 #define TFT_SCLK 13 #define TFT_MOSI 11 // Color definitions #define BLACK 0x0000 #define BLUE 0xF800 #define RED 0x001F #define GREEN 0x07E0 #define CYAN 0xFFE0 #define MAGENTA 0xF81F #define YELLOW 0x07FF #define WHITE 0xFFFF #define PURPLE 0x88FF #define ORANGE 0x099F static const unsigned char PROGMEM fish[] = { 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0001, 0x005c, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0002, 0x00ff, 0x0068, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x00bf, 0x0000, 0x00b0, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x000f, 0x00d0, 0x00b5, 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0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0010, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000 }; Adafruit_ST7735 tft = Adafruit_ST7735(TFT_CS, TFT_DC, TFT_MOSI, TFT_SCLK, TFT_RST); void setup() { tft.initR(INITR_BLACKTAB); // 初始化設定 ST7735S chip, black tab tft.setRotation(3); //轉 270度 tft.fillScreen(BLACK); tft.drawBitmap(1,10,fish,160,104,ORANGE); } void loop() { }
[執行結果]
[參考資料]
- Adafruit:Adafruit GFX Graphics Library
- Henrys Bench:Arduino Adafruit GFX Library User Guide
- Educ8s.tv:Arduino Bitmap Graphics Tutorial
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